Videra.Platform.Linux 0.1.0-alpha.1

Videra.Platform.Linux - Vulkan 后端

Linux 平台的 Vulkan 图形后端实现。

模块架构

graph TB
    subgraph "Vulkan Backend"
        Backend[VulkanBackend<br/>后端实现]
        Factory[VulkanResourceFactory<br/>资源工厂]
        Executor[VulkanCommandExecutor<br/>命令执行器]
        Buffer[VulkanBuffer<br/>缓冲区]
        Pipeline[VulkanPipeline<br/>渲染管线]
        Shader[VulkanShader<br/>着色器]
    end

    subgraph "Silk.NET"
        Vk[Silk.NET.Vulkan]
        KHR[KHR Extensions]
    end

    subgraph "X11"
        Display[X11 Display]
        Window[X11 Window]
        Surface[VkSurfaceKHR]
    end

    Backend --> Factory
    Backend --> Executor
    Factory --> Buffer
    Factory --> Pipeline
    Factory --> Shader
    Backend --> Vk
    Backend --> KHR
    Vk --> Display
    Display --> Window
    Window --> Surface

Vulkan 初始化流程

sequenceDiagram
    participant App as 应用程序
    participant Backend as VulkanBackend
    participant Vk as Vulkan API
    participant X11 as X11

    App->>Backend: Initialize(window, w, h)
    Backend->>Vk: CreateInstance()
    Backend->>X11: XOpenDisplay()
    Backend->>Vk: CreateXlibSurface()
    Backend->>Vk: EnumeratePhysicalDevices()
    Backend->>Vk: CreateDevice()
    Backend->>Vk: GetDeviceQueue()
    Backend->>Vk: CreateSwapchain()
    Backend->>Vk: CreateImageViews()
    Backend->>Vk: CreateRenderPass()
    Backend->>Vk: CreateDepthResources()
    Backend->>Vk: CreateFramebuffers()
    Backend->>Vk: CreateCommandPool()
    Backend->>Vk: CreateCommandBuffers()
    Backend->>Vk: CreateSyncObjects()
    Backend-->>App: IsInitialized = true

渲染流程

sequenceDiagram
    participant Engine as VideraEngine
    participant Backend as VulkanBackend
    participant Vk as Vulkan
    participant Queue as Graphics Queue

    Engine->>Backend: BeginFrame()
    Backend->>Vk: WaitForFences()
    Backend->>Vk: ResetFences()
    Backend->>Vk: AcquireNextImage()
    Backend->>Vk: ResetCommandBuffer()
    Backend->>Vk: BeginCommandBuffer()
    Backend->>Vk: CmdBeginRenderPass()

    loop 绘制对象
        Engine->>Backend: Draw()
        Backend->>Vk: CmdBindPipeline()
        Backend->>Vk: CmdBindVertexBuffers()
        Backend->>Vk: CmdBindIndexBuffer()
        Backend->>Vk: CmdBindDescriptorSets()
        Backend->>Vk: CmdDrawIndexed()
    end

    Engine->>Backend: EndFrame()
    Backend->>Vk: CmdEndRenderPass()
    Backend->>Vk: EndCommandBuffer()
    Backend->>Queue: QueueSubmit()
    Backend->>Vk: QueuePresent()

Vulkan 对象层次

graph TB
    Instance[VkInstance] --> PhysicalDevice[VkPhysicalDevice]
    PhysicalDevice --> Device[VkDevice]
    Device --> Queue[VkQueue]
    Device --> CommandPool[VkCommandPool]
    CommandPool --> CommandBuffer[VkCommandBuffer]
    Device --> Swapchain[VkSwapchainKHR]
    Swapchain --> Images[VkImage[]]
    Images --> ImageViews[VkImageView[]]
    Device --> RenderPass[VkRenderPass]
    ImageViews --> Framebuffers[VkFramebuffer[]]
    RenderPass --> Framebuffers

同步机制

sequenceDiagram
    participant CPU as CPU
    participant Semaphore1 as ImageAvailable<br/>Semaphore
    participant Semaphore2 as RenderFinished<br/>Semaphore
    participant Fence as InFlight<br/>Fence
    participant GPU as GPU

    CPU->>Fence: WaitForFences()
    Fence-->>CPU: 上一帧完成
    CPU->>Fence: ResetFences()
    CPU->>Semaphore1: AcquireNextImage()
    GPU-->>Semaphore1: 图像可用
    CPU->>GPU: QueueSubmit()
    Note over GPU: 等待 Semaphore1
    Note over GPU: 执行渲染
    GPU->>Semaphore2: 信号
    GPU->>Fence: 信号
    CPU->>GPU: QueuePresent()
    Note over GPU: 等待 Semaphore2
    Note over GPU: 呈现图像

核心类

VulkanBackend

实现 IGraphicsBackend 接口的 Vulkan 后端。

public unsafe class VulkanBackend : IGraphicsBackend
{
    public void Initialize(IntPtr windowHandle, int width, int height);
    public void Resize(int width, int height);
    public void BeginFrame();
    public void EndFrame();
    public void SetClearColor(Vector4 color);
    public IResourceFactory GetResourceFactory();
    public ICommandExecutor GetCommandExecutor();
}

深度缓冲配置

• 深度格式: VK_FORMAT_D32_SFLOAT
• 比较函数: VK_COMPARE_OP_LESS_OR_EQUAL
• 深度写入: 启用

文件结构

Videra.Platform.Linux/
├── VulkanBackend.cs           # 后端实现
├── VulkanBuffer.cs            # 缓冲区实现
├── VulkanCommandExecutor.cs   # 命令执行器
├── VulkanPipeline.cs          # 渲染管线
├── VulkanResourceFactory.cs   # 资源工厂
└── VulkanShader.cs            # 着色器

依赖

• .NET 8.0
• Silk.NET.Vulkan
• Silk.NET.Vulkan.Extensions.KHR
• Silk.NET.Shaderc
• Videra.Core

系统要求

• Linux (X11 窗口系统)
• Vulkan 1.2+ 兼容显卡
• libX11.so.6（仓库验证脚本支持回退到 libX11.so / libX11）
• Vulkan 驱动程序

原生验证

在 Linux 原生主机上，可通过仓库统一验证入口执行 Vulkan 原生验证包：

# Unix shell
./verify.sh --configuration Release --include-native-linux

# PowerShell
pwsh -File ./verify.ps1 -Configuration Release -IncludeNativeLinux

这一步用于执行 tests/Videra.Platform.Linux.Tests 中的真实 X11-backed lifecycle/render-path 验证，而不仅仅是跨平台构建或非原生主机上的常规测试。